RESEARCH ARTICLE
Oxidation of Hydroxy- and Dihydroxybenzoic Acids Under the Udenfriend's Conditions. An HPLC Study
Mónika Kuzma1, Nikoletta Kovács1, Lilla Sziva1, Gábor Maász2, Péter Avar2, Pál Perjési1, *
Article Information
Identifiers and Pagination:
Year: 2018Volume: 12
First Page: 13
Last Page: 22
Publisher ID: TOMCJ-12-13
DOI: 10.2174/1874104501812010013
Article History:
Received Date: 21/11/2017Revision Received Date: 10/01/2018
Acceptance Date: 19/01/2018
Electronic publication date: 31/01/2018
Collection year: 2018
open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4. 0 International Public License (CC-BY 4. 0), a copy of which is available at: https://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4. 0/legalcode. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Background:
Non-enzymatic hydroxylation of aromatic compounds to the respective phenolic derivatives is a possible metabolic pathway of xenobiotics. The formed metabolites can undergo consecutive oxidative reactions with free radicals to form potential toxic molecules.
Objective:
Development of HPLC methods to separate, identify and quantitate the main products formed from salicylic acid, 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid under in vitro hydroxylation conditions (Udenfriend's system).
Method:
An RP-HPLC-UV-Vis method was developed to separate salicylic acid and isomeric dihydroxybenzoic acids formed in the Udenfriend's system. Confirmation of structures of the oxidized products of salicylic acid, 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid was performed by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method.
Results:
The HPLC-UV-Vis method was evaluated for a number of validation characteristics (selectivity, repeatability and intermediate precision, LOD, LOQ and calibration range). It was found that oxidation of salicylic acid resulted in the formation of 2,3- and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acids. Furthermore, the hydroxylated metabolites can be further metabolized under the Udenfriend’s conditions.
Conclusion:
The results give evidence for possible involvement of the oxidized metabolites of salicylic acid in the development of biological action of salicylates at the site of inflammation, where high hydroxyl radical level can be detected.
